Developing Structure of Temperament and Personality †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Developing Structure of Temperament and Personality. Answer: Introduction: The process of personality development in the humans depend on a vast array of factors, and each and every factor plays an instrumental role in shaping the personality traits of these humans. Now these factors are intricately linked with each other, and each of these variables have the potential to influence others in turn contorting the personality of the individual. Now there are various models and frameworks attempting to categorize the affects of these factors, the five factor model of personality traits is one such model or framework that can be helpful in explaining the personality development procedure (Judge et al., 2013). This assignment will compare and contrast the five factor model with the more recent and contemporary hexaco model, evaluating the inclusion of the sixth factor to the framework and justifying whether the inclusion of a sixth factor is beneficial or detrimental to the purpose of exploring and understanding human behavior and personality development. The five factor model of personality is also known as the big five personality traits which attempts to explore the personality traits and its development in humans. The variables chosen for the Five Factor Model of personality is based on common easy to use language so that the difference between the variables can be easily interpreted and correlated with the behavioral personality changes with humans. There are 5 interlinked variables with this factorial model; the very first is openness to different experiences (Heine, 2015). This variable can be considered as the measure for individual inclination towards appreciation of anything creative, like art, emotion, adventure, curiosity, surprise. It represents the image intellectual curiosity with an individual, which allows an individual to perceive the creativity and novelty within any unusual situation.The second variable to this model is conscientiousness, human attribute characterized by the tendency observed in individual to be bo th organized and dependable. It allows one person to engage in self discipline and order, helping him or her to generate a sense of hi beautiful nurse and, changing Lifestyle pattern from spontaneous and random to bepreplanned and orderly (Hilbig et al., 2013). The next factor in this model is extraversion, associated with positive energy, optimism, considerable assertiveness and sociability. It can be considered that this factor represents the charming and ambitious social personality in an individual. The next factor is agreeableness, which represents the personality trait that tends tobe compassionate and cooperative rather than being doubtful and antagonistic. (Hilbig et al., 2013). The last factor to this model is the neuroticism which represents the emotionality of a person, which propels the person to be able to feel extreme emotions like anger anxiety depression and vulnerability. The term neuroticism can be defined as the emotional stability that a person may have and how vulnerable is his power of impulse control. This model is one of the pioneer models of personality development in the field of psychology and has been the most preferred framework for evaluation of human behavior and personality traits until very recently (Heine, 2015). HEXACO model of personality development and Sixth factor: A very recent addition to the personality development frameworks is the HEXACO model of personality development. It is very similar to the big five factors framework and can be considered as the improvisation of the former model and the HEXACO model, along with the five known elements of personality development includes a sixth additional element. Along with the common five elements of the framework, like openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotionality and extraversion, the sixth elements is honest-humility (Halverson, Kohnstamm Martin, 2014). This model of personality development is a derivation from the original basic theories of lexical hypothesis, explains different elements of human personality in the simple language that is easily interpretable. Now comparing this framework with the pioneer big five personality development factors, three very important factors, extraversion, openness to experiences and conscientiousness in present in both the models, whereas two of the remaining factors agreeableness and neuroticism of five factor model is equivalent to the agreeableness and emotionality of the HEXACO model. The only novel element in the HEXACO model is the honest humility factor; this factor refers to the presence of attributes like honesty, loyalty, modesty, sincereness, and faithfulness in an individual. The presence of honest humility in an individual helps an individual to avoid negative personality traits like deceitfulness, greed, pretence, boastfulness and many more (Gurven et al., 2013). As mentioned above, this model is developed on the lines of previous lexical studies and incorporates language based taxonomies in categorizing personality traits. Now considering the sixth factor honest humility added, various extensive researches suggest that the lack of honest humility is associated largely with the dark triad of personality. Lack of ethics and dominance of deviance has been linked to lack of this factor in the work of many eminent authors. According to the view point of a group of authors, absence of honest humility can be the contributing factor to endorsement of hatred and revenge as well (Aghababaei Arji, 2014). From the literature, the need for this factor in the models that evaluate human personality traits and especially the abnormalities in them evident. Furthermore it has to be mentioned that the addition of the sixth factor into the mix serves many purposes; the research authors belonging to the field of psychology have discussed the honest humility factor to be essential for personality development and its categorization for a long time now. According to relevant journal articles published by accomplished psychology researchers that attributes like materialism, psychopathy and narcissism is highly associated with the lack of honest humility. Hence in order to understand the prevalence of dark traits within a human, a factor dependent model that includes honest humility will be extremely beneficial (Aghababaei, Wasserman Nannini, 2014). Conclusion: The HEXACO model of personality development was established in the early 2000s and the additional sixth element has helped the investigations belonging to a diverse range of subfields within psychology. Hence it can be said that this addition into the conventional five factor model has only made the framework more precise and efficient in understanding human psychology and the individual flaws in it. Honest humility, coupled with agreeableness is considered to be the most important duo to shape decent personality within a human, hence it can be concluded that the addition of the sixth factor has been only improvised the model further and has incrsaed the usability of it. References: Aghababaei, N., Arji, A. (2014). Well-being and the HEXACO model of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 56, 139-142. Aghababaei, N., Wasserman, J. A., Nannini, D. (2014). The religious person revisited: Cross-cultural evidence from the HEXACO model of personality structure. Mental Health, Religion Culture, 17(1), 24-29. Gurven, M., Von Rueden, C., Massenkoff, M., Kaplan, H., Lero Vie, M. (2013). How universal is the Big Five? Testing the five-factor model of personality variation among foragerfarmers in the Bolivian Amazon. Journal of personality and social psychology, 104(2), 354. Halverson, C. F., Kohnstamm, G. A., Martin, R. P. (Eds.). (2014). The developing structure of temperament and personality from infancy to adulthood. Psychology Press. Heine, S. J. (2015). Cultural Psychology: Third International Student Edition. WW Norton Company. Hilbig, B. E., Zettler, I., Leist, F., Heydasch, T. (2013). It takes two: HonestyHumility and Agreeableness differentially predict active versus reactive cooperation. Personality and Individual Differences, 54(5), 598-603. Jonason, P. K., McCain, J. (2012). Using the HEXACO model to test the validity of the Dirty Dozen measure of the Dark Triad. Personality and Individual Differences, 53(7), 935-938. Judge, T. A., Rodell, J. B., Klinger, R. L., Simon, L. S., Crawford, E. R. (2013). Hierarchical representations of the five-factor model of personality in predicting job performance: integrating three organizing frameworks with two theoretical perspectives.